📚Supination and pronation are the two primary rotational movements of the forearm. Supination turns the palm upward, while pronation turns the palm downward.

🔎The proximal and distal radioulnar joints, along with the interosseous membrane, provide the anatomical foundation for these movements. In supination, the radius and ulna lie parallel, whereas in pronation, the radius crosses over the ulna.

🧠Muscles driving these actions include the biceps brachii and supinator for supination, and pronator teres and pronator quadratus for pronation. Together, these movements are essential for functional tasks like turning a doorknob, using tools, or typing on a keyboard.

✅For mobility and strengthening exercises that target these movements and associated muscles, I would recommend following the wrist pain program here in the app. Here is a link for this program.

https://membership.rehabscience.com/programs/wrist-pain?category_id=260466